Child malnutrition
According to UNICEF, in 2011, 101 million children across the globe were underweight and one in four children, 165 million, were stunted in growth.[94] Simultaneously, there are 43 million children under five who are overweight or obese.[3] Nearly 20 million children under five suffer from severe acute malnutrition, a life-threatening condition requiring urgent treatment.[3] According to estimations at UNICEF, hunger will be responsible for 5.6 million deaths of children under the age of five this year.[2] These all represent significant public health emergencies.[90] This is because proper maternal and child nutrition has immense consequences for survival, acute and chronic disease incidence, normal growth, and economic productivity of individuals.[95]
Childhood malnutrition is common and contributes to the global burden of disease.[96] Childhood is a particularly important time to achieve good nutrition status, because poor nutrition has the capability to lock a child in a vicious cycle of disease susceptibility and recurring sickness, which threatens cognitive and social development.[2] Undernutrition and bias in access to food and health services leaves children less likely to attend or perform well in school.[2]
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