Adult overweight and obesity
Malnutrition in industrialized nations is primarily due to excess calories and non-nutritious carbohydrates, which has contributed to the obesity epidemic affecting both developed and some developing nations.[102] In 2008, 35% of adults above the age of 20 years were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), a prevalence that has doubled worldwide between 1980 and 2008.[103] Also 10% of men and 14% of women were obese, with a BMI greater than 30.[104] Rates of overweight and obesity vary across the globe, with the highest prevalence in the Americas, followed by European nations, where over 50% of the population is overweight or obese.[104]
Obesity is more prevalent amongst high income and higher middle income groups than lower divisions of income.[104] Women are more likely than men to be obese, where the rate of obesity in women doubled from 8% to 14% between 1980 and 2008.[104] Being overweight as a child has become an increasingly important indicator for later development of obesity and non-infectious diseases such as heart disease.[95] In several western European nations, the prevalence of overweight and obese children rose by 10% from 1980 to 1990, a rate that has begun to accelerate recently.[2]
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